A new level of growth hormone study

Growth hormone is a protein hormone of about 190 amino acids that is synthesized and secreted by cells
called somatotrophs in the anterior pituitary. It is a major participant in control of several complex physiologic processes, including growth and metabolism.

Growth hormone is also considerable interest as a drug used in humans and animals. growth is a very complex process, and requires the coordinated actions of several hormones. An important role of growth hormone in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-I. IGF-I stimulates the proliferation of a body (cartilage cells), resulting in bone growth. Growth hormone appears to have a direct effect on bone growth in promoting differentiation of a body.

IGF-also seems to be the key player in muscle growth. Stimulates the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts. It also stimulates amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues. Growth hormone has a significant effect on the metabolism of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. In some cases, the direct effect of growth hormone has been clearly demonstrated, in others, IGF-is thought to be a critical mediator , and some cases it appears that the direct and indirect effects in the game. production of growth hormone modulated by factors such as stress, exercise, nutrition, sleep and growth hormone itself.

But its primary controllers are two hypothalamic hormones and one hormone from the stomach. growth hormone secretion is also part of a negative feedback loop involving IGF-I. High blood levels of IGF-I results in reduced secretion of growth hormone not only directly but by canceling somatotroph, stimulates the release of somatostatin from the hypothalamus.

Growth hormone also feeds back to inhibit GHRH secretion and probably has a direct (Autokrina) inhibitory effect on the secretion of somatotroph. The integration of all the factors that influence the growth hormone synthesis and secretion lead to pulsate model release. Are very low basal levels of growth hormone in the blood. In children and young adults, the most intense period of the release of growth hormone, shortly after the initiation of sleep.

Lack of growth hormone excess and provide a very visible commitment to the role of this hormone in normal physiology. Such disorders can reflect lesions in either the hypothalamus, pituitary or in target cells. Country deficiency can result not only from shortcomings in the production of the hormone, but the target cell in response to the hormone .

Clinically, deficiency in growth hormone or omissions in its binding to the receptor considered as growth or dwarfism. The manifestation of the lack of growth hormone will depend on the age of onset of disorders and may cause heritable or acquired disease. to result in excessive secretion of growth hormone is also very dependent on the age of onset and is seen as two distinctive disorders: Giantism resulting excessive growth hormone secretion that begins in small children or adolescents. This is a very rare disorder, usually caused by a tumor somatotropes.

One of the most famous giants was a man named Robert Wadlow. Weighed 8.5 pounds at birth, but by 5 years of age was 105 pounds and 5 feet 4 inches tall. Robert reached adult weight of 490 pounds and 8 feet 11 inches in height. He died at the age of 22 Acromegaly resulting from excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults. Onset of this disorder is usually insideous.

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